Mitochondrial damage is commonly involved in liver injury. We have previously shown that normal mitochondria can be coated with a carrier protein to form complexes that are specifically taken up by liver cells in culture.
The aim of the current study was to determine whether mitochondrial complexes could be specifically delivered to the livers of living rats by intravenous injection.Mitochondria were harvested from fresh mouse liver, mixed with an asialoglycoprotein-based carrier, asialoorosomucoid-polylysine (AsOR-PL), and purified to form complexes.
To facilitate release of internalized mitochondria from endosomes, an endosomolytic peptide, listeriolysin O (LLO) was coupled to AsOR to form AsOR-LLO. Mitochondria alone, mitochondrial complexes with AsOR-PL, and mitochondrial complexes plus AsOR-LLO conjugate all containing the same number of mitochondria were injected intravenously.
Animals were sacrificed, and organs removed and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of mouse mitochondrial DNA, electronmicroscopy (EM), and in situ PCR and hybridization followed by immunohistochemical analyses.Calculations revealed that approximately 27% of the total injected mitochondria was detected in liver, while less than 2% was found in spleen, and <1% in lungs.
Recombinant Human FKBP6 Protein, His, -1mg |
QP10610-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Anti-CD3e Antibody [145-2C11], Unconjugated-1mg |
QAB2-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 251 |
Recombinant Human HK3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12272-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HMBS Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12279-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HMGA1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12280-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HMGB2 Protein, His, Baculovirus-1mg |
QP12282-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant Human HMGB3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12283-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HMGN1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12285-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HMGN3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12286-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HMOX2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-1mg |
QP12287-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2312 |
Recombinant Human HN1L Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12288-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HNMT Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12289-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant Human HNRNPAB Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12290-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HOMER2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12292-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HOMER3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12293-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HOPX Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12294-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HOXA9 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12295-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HOXB13 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12296-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HOXC11 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12297-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant Human HPCAL1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12298-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse HPGD Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12300-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HPGD Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12301-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HPGDS Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12302-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HPR Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12303-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HPSE Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12304-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HRAS Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12311-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2312 |
Recombinant Human HRASLS3 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-1mg |
QP12312-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1859 |
Recombinant Human HS3ST1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12313-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSBP1L1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12318-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSCB Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12319-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSD17B1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12320-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSD17B8 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12321-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant Human HSF1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12322-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant Human HSF2BP Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12323-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSFY1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12324-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSP27 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-1mg |
QP12327-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1959 |
Recombinant Human HSPA1B Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12328-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPA8 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12329-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPA9 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12330-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1859 |
Recombinant Human HSPB11 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12331-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSPB3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12332-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HSPB6 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12333-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPB7 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12334-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPB9 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12336-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPBP1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12337-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human HSPH1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12338-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human HTATIP2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12350-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Virus HTNV Protein, GST, E.coli-1mg |
QP12359-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1261 |
Recombinant Human HTRA2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12360-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1859 |
Recombinant Human HYKK Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12362-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human ICAM2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12363-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human ICOSLG Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12364-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IDE Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12365-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IDI1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12366-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IDI2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12367-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 3655 |
Recombinant E.coli IDNK Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12368-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IDS Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12369-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IF Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12371-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 4453 |
Recombinant Human IFI30 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12372-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IFNA7 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12375-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse IFNAR1 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12376-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Feline IFNG Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12377-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Canine IFNG Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12378-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IFT20 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12379-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Mouse IGFBP6 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12382-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IGFBP7 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-1mg |
QP12384-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IGFLR1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12385-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse IgG Protein, Untagged, Insect-1mg |
QP12386-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IGJ Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12387-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IGLL1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12388-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IL10RA Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12401-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL10RB Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12402-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL13RA1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12405-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL15RA Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12407-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL17RB Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12409-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse IL17RB Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12410-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL1R1 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12412-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL21R Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12415-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL23R Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12416-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL28B Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12417-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL2RA Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12418-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL2RG Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12419-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Canine IL31 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12420-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IL34 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12421-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 4734 |
Recombinant Mouse IL34 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12422-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse IL5RA Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12426-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Canine IL6 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12427-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Mouse IL6R Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12428-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IMMP2L Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12430-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IMP3 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12431-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IMPA1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12432-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IMPA2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12433-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IMPACT Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12434-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IMPAD1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12435-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Mouse IMPAD1 Protein, His, Insect-1mg |
QP12436-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human IMPDH1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12437-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human ING1 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12445-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human ING2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12446-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 2757 |
Recombinant Human IP6K2 Protein, His, E.coli-1mg |
QP12454-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 5251 |
Recombinant Human ISG15 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-1mg |
QP12460-1mg |
EnQuireBio |
1mg |
EUR 1859 |
Immunohistochemistry showed that mouse mitochondrial DNA staining was minimal with mitochondrial complexes alone, strong periportal with mitochondrial complexes co-injected with AsOR-LLO, and absent with mitochondria alone.Targetable mitochondrial complexes can be delivered to rat liver, and the efficiency of that process is greatly enhanced by co-injection of a targetable endosomal release agent, AsOR-LLO.